Product Name: Interactive Science: Introduction to Chemsitry
Product Version: v1.0


Source:     IMS Online Validator
Profile:    1.2.0
Identifier: realize-b5aea82b-ad2c-3447-b122-4b953e6a7cba
Timestamp:  Wednesday, August 9, 2017 11:35 AM EDT
Status:     VALID!
Conformant: true

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Resource Validation Results
The document is valid.

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Schema Location Results
Schema locations are valid.

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Schema Validation Results
The document is valid.

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Schematron Validation Results
The document is valid.

Curriculum Standards:

In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. - DCI-MS-LS2.A.2
Growth of organisms and population increases are limited by access to resources. - DCI-MS-LS2.A.3
Plants, algae (including phytoplankton), and many microorganisms use the energy from light to make sugars (food) from carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water through the process of photosynthesis, which also releases oxygen. These sugars can be used - DCI-MS-LS1.C1
Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. - DCI-MS-LS2.A.1
Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. - DCI-MS-LS1.C2
Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. - DCI-MS-PS1.A.1
Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. - DCI-MS-PS1.A.2
Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. - DCI-MS-PS1.A.3
In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. - DCI-MS-PS1.A.4
Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). - DCI-MS-PS1.A.5
The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. - DCI-MS-PS1.A.6
Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. - DCI-MS-LS4.A.3
A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. - DCI-MS-PS3.A.4
Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. - DCI-MS-PS3.A.3
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. - DCI-MS-PS3.A.5
The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. - DCI-MS-ESS1.C.1
Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. - PE-MS-PS3-2
Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. - PE-MS-PS3-3
Tectonic processes continually generate new ocean sea floor at ridges and destroy old sea floor at trenches. - DCI-MS-ESS1.C.2
The temperature of a system is proportional to the average internal kinetic energy and potential energy per atom or molecule (whichever is the appropriate building block for the system's material). The details of that relationship depend on the type of at - DCI-MS-PS3.A.2
The term "heat" as used in everyday language refers both to thermal energy (the motion of atoms or molecules within a substance) and the transfer of that thermal energy from one object to another. In science, heat is used only for this second meaning; it - DCI-MS-PS3.A.1
Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. - PE-MS-PS3-1
Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. - PE-MS-LS4-2
Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. - PE-MS-PS3-4
Use mathematical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time. - PE-MS-LS4-6
Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals' probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment. - PE-MS-LS4-4
All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and matter cycling within and among the planet's systems. This energy is derived from the sun and Earth's hot interior. The energy that flows and matter that cycles produce chemical and physical changes - DCI-MS-ESS2.A.2
The student is expected to describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations, of protons and neutrons in the nuclecus and electrons in the electron cloud. - 8.5A
The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity. - 8.5B
The student is expected to investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed. - 8.5E
The student is expected to recognize whether a chemical equation containing coefficients is balanced or not and how that relates to the law of conservation of mass. - 8.5F
The planet's systems interact over scales that range from microscopic to global in size, and they operate over fractions of a second to billions of years. These interactions have shaped Earth's history and will determine its future. - DCI-MS-ESS2.A.1
The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. - 8.5C
The student is expected to recognize that chemical formulas are used to identify substances and determine the number of atoms of each element in chemical formulas containing subscripts. - 8.5D
Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. - DCI-MS-PS1.B.1
The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. - DCI-MS-PS1.B.2
Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. - DCI-MS-PS1.B.3
Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. - PE-MS-ESS3-2
Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells; either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells. - PE-MS-LS1-1
Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distributions of Earth's mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes. - PE-MS-ESS3-1
Natural selection leads to the predominance of certain traits in a population, and the suppression of others. - DCI-MS-LS4.B.2
The student is expected to use appropriate tools to collect, record, and analyze information, including journals/notebooks, beakers, Petri dishes, meter sticks, graduated cylinders, hot plates, test tubes, triple beam balances, microscopes, thermometers, calculators, computers, timing devices, and other equipment as needed to teach the curriculum. - 6.4A
Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. - DCI-MS-PS3.B.3
Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. - PE-MS-ETS1-2
Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. - PE-MS-PS2-4
Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. - PE-MS-ETS1-3
Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. - PE-MS-PS2-1
Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. - PE-MS-ETS1-4
Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. - PE-MS-PS2-2
Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. - PE-MS-PS2-5
Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function. - PE-MS-LS1-2
Use argument supported by evidence for how the body is a system of interacting subsystems composed of groups of cells. - PE-MS-LS1-3
Gather and synthesize information that sensory receptors respond to stimuli by sending messages to the brain for immediate behavior or storage as memories. - PE-MS-LS1-8
Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms. - PE-MS-LS1-6
Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. - PE-MS-LS1-7
Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. - DCI-MS-ESS2.B.1
The student is expected to know that an element is a pure substance represented by chemical symbols. - 6.5A
The student is expected to identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change. - 6.5D
Similarly, predatory interactions may reduce the number of organisms or eliminate whole populations of organisms. Mutually beneficial interactions, in contrast, may become so interdependent that each organism requires the other for survival. Although the - DCI-MS-LS2.A.4
The student is expected to differentiate between elements and compounds on the most basic level. - 6.5C
Humans depend on Earth's land, ocean, atmosphere, and biosphere for many different resources. Minerals, fresh water, and biosphere resources are limited, and many are not renewable or replaceable over human lifetimes. These resources are distributed uneve - DCI-MS-ESS3.A.1
Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. - DCI-MS-LS2.C.1
Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). - DCI-MS-PS2.A.6
In multicellular organisms, the body is a system of multiple interacting subsystems. These subsystems are groups of cells that work together to form tissues and organs that are specialized for particular body functions. - DCI-MS-LS1.A.3
Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions. - PE-MS-ESS2-5
Within cells, special structures are responsible for particular functions, and the cell membrane forms the boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell. - DCI-MS-LS1.A.2
Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. - PE-MS-ESS2-6
Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. - DCI-MS-PS2.A.5
All living things are made up of cells, which is the smallest unit that can be said to be alive. An organism may consist of one single cell (unicellular) or many different numbers and types of cells (multicellular). - DCI-MS-LS1.A.1
Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. - PE-MS-ESS2-3
Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. - PE-MS-ESS2-4
All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. - DCI-MS-PS2.A.3
Develop a model to describe the cycling of Earth's materials and the flow of energy that drives this process. - PE-MS-ESS2-1
For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). - DCI-MS-PS2.A.1
Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. - PE-MS-ESS2-2
The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. - DCI-MS-ETS1.C.2
The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. - 6.6A
Although one design may not perform the best across all tests, identifying the characteristics of the design that performed the best in each test can provide useful information for the redesign process--that is, some of those characteristics may be incorp - DCI-MS-ETS1.C.1
Adaptation by natural selection acting over generations is one important process by which species change over time in response to changes in environmental conditions. Traits that support successful survival and reproduction in the new environment become m - DCI-MS-LS4.C.1
The student is expected to calculate density to identify an unknown substance. - 6.6B
Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. - PE-MS-PS1-4
Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. - PE-MS-PS1-5
Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. - PE-MS-PS1-2
Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. - PE-MS-PS1-3
Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. - PE-MS-LS2-3
Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. - PE-MS-ESS1-1
Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. - PE-MS-LS2-4
Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. - DCI-MS-ESS1.A.1
Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. - PE-MS-PS1-6
Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. - PE-MS-LS2-1
Earth and its solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is one of many galaxies in the universe. - DCI-MS-ESS1.A.2
Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems. - PE-MS-LS2-2
Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. - PE-MS-LS2-5
Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. - DCI-MS-ESS2.C.3
Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. - DCI-MS-ESS2.C.1
The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. - DCI-MS-ESS2.C.4
Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. - DCI-MS-ESS2.C.5
Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D - DCI-MS-LS2.B.1
Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. - DCI-MS-ESS3.B.1
Each sense receptor responds to different inputs (electromagnetic, mechanical, chemical), transmitting them as signals that travel along nerve cells to the brain. The signals are then processed in the brain, resulting in immediate behaviors or memories. - DCI-MS-LS1.D.1
Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. - PE-MS-ESS1-4
Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. - PE-MS-ESS1-2
Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system. - PE-MS-ESS1-3
Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. - DCI-MS-ETS1.B.4
Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. - DCI-MS-ETS1.B.3
There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. - DCI-MS-ETS1.B.2
The student is expected to recognize that radiant energy from the Sun is transformed into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. - 7.5A
A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. - DCI-MS-ETS1.B.1
The student is expected to diagram the flow of energy through living systems, including food chains, food webs, and energy pyramids. - 7.5C
The chemical reaction by which plants produce complex food molecules (sugars) requires an energy input (i.e., from sunlight) to occur. In this reaction, carbon dioxide and water combine to form carbon-based organic molecules and release oxygen. - DCI-MS-PS3.D.1
This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different - DCI-MS-ESS1.B.2
Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. - PE-MS-PS4-2
The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. - DCI-MS-ESS1.B.1
Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atm - DCI-MS-ESS2.D.1
A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. - DCI-MS-PS4.B.3
The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. - DCI-MS-PS4.B.2
When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object's material and the frequency (color) of the light. - DCI-MS-PS4.B.1
The student is expected to distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter in the digestive system. - 7.6B
The student is expected to identify that organic compounds contain carbon and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, or sulfur. - 7.6A
The student is expected to relate the impact of research on scientific thought and society, including the history of science and contributions of scientists as related to the content. - 8.3D


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Title: Interactive Science Introduction to Chemistry for Realize


         STEMQuest, Labs, STEM, and Program Resources

            STEMQuest

               Hot and Cool Chemistry Quest Kick-Off
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Hot and Cool Chemistry Rubric

               Hot and Cool Chemistry Checklist

               Energy Salts Quest Check Lab
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Design Your Pack Quest Check
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Pack Building Quest Check Lab
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Heat It Up or Ice It Down Quest Check Lab
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Reflect on Your Pack Quest Findings
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

            Labs

               Lab Overview Support Materials

                  Table of Contents

                  Foundational Research

                  Master Materials List

                  Lab Safety

                  SI Units and Conversion Tables

                  Graph Paper

               Chapter 1 Introduction to Matter

                  Lesson 1

                     How Do You Describe Matter? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Describing Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Observing Physical Properties Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Lesson 2

                     What Is a Mixture? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                     Classifying Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                     Separating Mixtures Quick Lab

                     Modeling Atoms and Molecules Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Lesson 3

                     Making Sense of Density Directed Inquiry Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

                     Making Sense of Density Open Inquiry Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

                     Making Sense of Density Pre-Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

                     Measuring Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                     Which Has More Mass? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                     Calculating Volume Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Lesson 4

                     Is a New Substance Formed? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     States of Matter Virtual Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                     What Is a Physical Change? Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     Where Was the Energy? Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                     Changes in Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     Demonstrating Tarnishing Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Chapter 2 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

                  Lesson 1

                     What are solids, liquids, and gases? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Modeling Particles Quick Lab

                     States of Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     As Thick as Honey Quick Lab

                     How Do The Particles Move in a Gas? Quick Lab

                     Matter and Thermal Energy Virtual Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

                  Lesson 2

                     What Happens When You Breathe on a Mirror? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Changes of State After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Melting Ice Directed Inquiry
                       Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                     Melting Ice Open Inquiry
                       Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                     Melting Ice Pre-Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                     Keeping Cool Quick Lab

                     Observing Sublimation Quick Lab

                  Lesson 3

                     How Can Air Keep Chalk From Breaking? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Gas Behavior After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     How Are Pressure and Temperature Related? Quick Lab

                     Hot and Cold Balloons Quick Lab

                     It's a Gas Quick Lab

               Chapter 3 Elements and the Periodic Table

                  Lesson 1

                     What's in the Box? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Visualizing an Electron Cloud Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Introduction to Atoms After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     How Far Away Is the Electron? Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Lesson 2

                     Which Is Easier? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Using the Periodic Table Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Expanding the Periodic Table Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Organizing the Elements After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Classifying Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Interactive Periodic Table Virtual Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Lesson 3

                     Why Use Aluminum? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Copper or Carbon? That Is the Question Open Inquiry
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Finding Metals Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Metals After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Copper or Carbon? That Is the Question. Pre-Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Copper or Carbon? That Is the Question. Directed Inquiry
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Lesson 4

                     What Are the Properties of Charcoal? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Carbon—A Nonmetal Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Finding Nonmetals Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Nonmetals and Metalloids After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Lesson 5

                     How Much Goes Away? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Radioactive Elements After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     What Happens When an Atom Decays? Quick Lab

                     Modeling Beta Decay Quick Lab

                     Designing Experiments Using Radioactive Tracers Quick Lab

               Chapter 4 Atoms and Bonding

                  Lesson 1

                     Element Chemistry Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     What Are the Trends in the Periodic Table? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Lesson 2

                     How Do Ions Form? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Ion Formation Quick Lab

                     Shedding Light on Ions Directed Inquiry Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Ionic Bonds After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     How Do You Write Ionic Names and Formulas? Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Shedding Light on Ions Pre-Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Shedding Light on Ions Open Inquiry
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Lesson 3

                     Covalent Bonds Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Sharing Electrons Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Covalent Bonds After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Properties of Molecular Compounds Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     Attraction Between Polar Molecules Quick Lab

                     Ionic or Covalent Bonding Virtual Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Lesson 4

                     Are They "Steel" the Same? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Bonding in Metals After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Metal Crystals Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                     What Do Metals Do? Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions

                  Lesson 1

                     Observing Chemical Change After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     What Happens When Chemicals React? Inquiry Warm-Up
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     Observing Change Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     Reactants and Products Virtual Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                     Where's the Evidence? Directed Inquiry Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Where's the Evidence? Pre-Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Where’s the Evidence? Open Inquiry
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Lesson 2

                     Describing Chemical Reactions After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Did You Lose Anything? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Categories of Chemical Reactions Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                     Information in a Chemical Equation Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                     Is Matter Conserved? Quick Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Lesson 3

                     Can You Speed Up or Slow Down a Reaction? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Controlling Chemical Reactions After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Effect of Temperature on Chemical Reactions Quick Lab

                     Modeling Activation Energy Quick Lab

               Chapter 6 Acids, Bases, and Solutions

                  Lesson 3

                     Describing Acids and Bases After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     What Color Does Litmus Paper Turn? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Properties of Acids Quick Lab

                     Properties of Bases Quick Lab

                     Acids and Bases in Careers Virtual Lab
                       Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Lesson 4

                     Acids and Bases in Solution After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     What Can Cabbage Juice Tell You? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     pHone Home Quick Lab

                     The Antacid Test Quick Lab

                  Lesson 1

                     Understanding Solutions After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                     What Makes a Mixture a Solution? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Scattered Light Quick Lab

                     Speedy Solutions Directed Inquiry

                     Speedy Solutions Open Inquiry

                     Speedy Solutions Pre-Lab

                  Lesson 2

                     Does It Dissolve? Inquiry Warm-Up

                     Measuring Concentration Quick Lab

                     Predicting Rates of Solubility Quick Lab

                     Concentration and Solubility After the Inquiry Warm-Up

            Performance Expectations Activities

               Structure and Properties of Matter PE-MS-PS1-1 PEA
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Structure and Properties of Matter PE-MS-PS1-3 PEA

               Structure and Properties of Matter PE-MS-PS1-4 PEA
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Chemical Reactions PE-MS-PS1-2 Performance Expectation Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Chemical Reactions PE-MS-PS1-5 Performance Expectation Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Structure and Properties of Matter PE-MS-PS1-6 PEA
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

            STEM Activities

               Optical Security STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               Life on Mars STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

               The Design Process

               Table of Contents

               River Works STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales.

               Feeding Frenzy STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               I Wouldn't Drink That! STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Flipping the Switch STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               Crystal Clear STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

               Energy Boosters STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Sail Away STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               Shake, Rattle, and Roll STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The planet's systems interact over scales that range from microscopic to global in size, and they operate over fractions of a second to billions of years. These interactions have shaped Earth's history and will determine its future. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The planet's systems interact over scales that range from microscopic to global in size, and they operate over fractions of a second to billions of years. These interactions have shaped Earth's history and will determine its future. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The planet's systems interact over scales that range from microscopic to global in size, and they operate over fractions of a second to billions of years. These interactions have shaped Earth's history and will determine its future. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               It's All Water Under the Dam STEM Activity

               Out of the Corner of Your Eye STEM Activity
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

            Program Resources

               Scenario-Based Investigations

                  Hit the Ball or You're Out! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Each sense receptor responds to different inputs (electromagnetic, mechanical, chemical), transmitting them as signals that travel along nerve cells to the brain. The signals are then processed in the brain, resulting in immediate behaviors or memories. Gather and synthesize information that sensory receptors respond to stimuli by sending messages to the brain for immediate behavior or storage as memories.

                  Scenario-Based Investigations Overview

                  Working Together Is the Key Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The temperature of a system is proportional to the average internal kinetic energy and potential energy per atom or molecule (whichever is the appropriate building block for the system's material). The details of that relationship depend on the type of at Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Similarly, predatory interactions may reduce the number of organisms or eliminate whole populations of organisms. Mutually beneficial interactions, in contrast, may become so interdependent that each organism requires the other for survival. Although the Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Earth and its solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is one of many galaxies in the universe. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. Construct an explanation that predicts patterns of interactions among organisms across multiple ecosystems. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

                  Where Is the Battery? Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system.

                  What a Mass Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  What Causes our Climate? Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Although one design may not perform the best across all tests, identifying the characteristics of the design that performed the best in each test can provide useful information for the redesign process--that is, some of those characteristics may be incorp The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Worms Under Attack! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Growth of organisms and population increases are limited by access to resources. Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Natural selection leads to the predominance of certain traits in a population, and the suppression of others. Adaptation by natural selection acting over generations is one important process by which species change over time in response to changes in environmental conditions. Traits that support successful survival and reproduction in the new environment become m Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals' probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment. Use mathematical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Seeing In the Dark Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Pandemic Starts Here Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Stomach Stone Controversy Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The WWGP Is Coming Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals).

                  The Pipeline Is Burning Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Humans depend on Earth's land, ocean, atmosphere, and biosphere for many different resources. Minerals, fresh water, and biosphere resources are limited, and many are not renewable or replaceable over human lifetimes. These resources are distributed uneve Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distributions of Earth's mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals).

                  That Can't Possibly Work Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Growth of organisms and population increases are limited by access to resources. Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Natural selection leads to the predominance of certain traits in a population, and the suppression of others. Adaptation by natural selection acting over generations is one important process by which species change over time in response to changes in environmental conditions. Traits that support successful survival and reproduction in the new environment become m Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals' probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment. Use mathematical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

                  The Problem With Runoff Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Mealworm Migration Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Messy Data Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

                  It Must Be Dominant! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Just Count the Bubbles Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Jane Versus the Volcano Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and matter cycling within and among the planet's systems. This energy is derived from the sun and Earth's hot interior. The energy that flows and matter that cycles produce chemical and physical changes Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. Mapping the history of natural hazards in a region, combined with an understanding of related geologic forces can help forecast the locations and likelihoods of future events. Develop a model to describe the cycling of Earth's materials and the flow of energy that drives this process. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Analyze and interpret data on natural hazards to forecast future catastrophic events and inform the development of technologies to mitigate their effects.

                  Please Drop In Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

                  My Water Smells Like Gasoline Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  This Isn't Science! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  No Shoes in This Box Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Plants in Space Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The chemical reaction by which plants produce complex food molecules (sugars) requires an energy input (i.e., from sunlight) to occur. In this reaction, carbon dioxide and water combine to form carbon-based organic molecules and release oxygen. Plants, algae (including phytoplankton), and many microorganisms use the energy from light to make sugars (food) from carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water through the process of photosynthesis, which also releases oxygen. These sugars can be used Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

                  Muscle Fatigue Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  My Glass Is Leaking! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  My House Is Wired! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

                  My Rock Tells a Story Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

                  Mile-High Baseball Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

                  Some Resources Are Worth Saving Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Humans depend on Earth's land, ocean, atmosphere, and biosphere for many different resources. Minerals, fresh water, and biosphere resources are limited, and many are not renewable or replaceable over human lifetimes. These resources are distributed uneve Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for how the uneven distributions of Earth's mineral, energy, and groundwater resources are the result of past and current geoscience processes. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Smearing Causes Seasons Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

                  Seeing With Your Ears Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Although one design may not perform the best across all tests, identifying the characteristics of the design that performed the best in each test can provide useful information for the redesign process--that is, some of those characteristics may be incorp The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Light Bulbs Can't Use Much Energy Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Saved By a Life Cycle Scenario-Based Act

                  Rogue Wave Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Although one design may not perform the best across all tests, identifying the characteristics of the design that performed the best in each test can provide useful information for the redesign process--that is, some of those characteristics may be incorp The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Predicting the Weather Is No Sport Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Mayor Is Worried Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object.

                  The North Pole or the South Pole? Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

                  The Fire Trucks Are Coming! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Last Survivors Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system.

                  The Cell Game Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: All living things are made up of cells, which is the smallest unit that can be said to be alive. An organism may consist of one single cell (unicellular) or many different numbers and types of cells (multicellular). Conduct an investigation to provide evidence that living things are made of cells; either one cell or many different numbers and types of cells. Within cells, special structures are responsible for particular functions, and the cell membrane forms the boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell. Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function.

                  The Element Museum Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Tay-Sachs Scenario-Based Act

                  Oh No! My Heart's Beating Too Fast! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Stay Calm if You Can Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Each sense receptor responds to different inputs (electromagnetic, mechanical, chemical), transmitting them as signals that travel along nerve cells to the brain. The signals are then processed in the brain, resulting in immediate behaviors or memories. Gather and synthesize information that sensory receptors respond to stimuli by sending messages to the brain for immediate behavior or storage as memories.

                  Stuck At the Top Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The term "heat" as used in everyday language refers both to thermal energy (the motion of atoms or molecules within a substance) and the transfer of that thermal energy from one object to another. In science, heat is used only for this second meaning; it Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The temperature of a system is proportional to the average internal kinetic energy and potential energy per atom or molecule (whichever is the appropriate building block for the system's material). The details of that relationship depend on the type of at The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  In Memory of Winifred Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales.

                  Ice Cream, You Scream Scenario-Based Act

                  Flight 7084 to Barcelona Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Tectonic processes continually generate new ocean sea floor at ridges and destroy old sea floor at trenches. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions.

                  Goodbye, Columbus Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Although one design may not perform the best across all tests, identifying the characteristics of the design that performed the best in each test can provide useful information for the redesign process--that is, some of those characteristics may be incorp The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Cutting Corners Doesn't Always Save Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Fantasy Food Chain Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Growth of organisms and population increases are limited by access to resources. Natural selection leads to the predominance of certain traits in a population, and the suppression of others. Adaptation by natural selection acting over generations is one important process by which species change over time in response to changes in environmental conditions. Traits that support successful survival and reproduction in the new environment become m Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals' probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment. Use mathematical representations to support explanations of how natural selection may lead to increases and decreases of specific traits in populations over time. The chemical reaction by which plants produce complex food molecules (sugars) requires an energy input (i.e., from sunlight) to occur. In this reaction, carbon dioxide and water combine to form carbon-based organic molecules and release oxygen. Plants, algae (including phytoplankton), and many microorganisms use the energy from light to make sugars (food) from carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water through the process of photosynthesis, which also releases oxygen. These sugars can be used Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms.

                  Fantasy Zoo Scenario-Based Act

                  How Could That Be? Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  High-Priority Earthquake Zones Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The planet's systems interact over scales that range from microscopic to global in size, and they operate over fractions of a second to billions of years. These interactions have shaped Earth's history and will determine its future. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales.

                  Bonding Super Heroes Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system.

                  Catching the Waves Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object's material and the frequency (color) of the light. The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.

                  Dialysis Works Too Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

                  Dunwich Is Done Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales.

                  Do Planets Float? Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Eating for Success Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. The chemical reaction by which plants produce complex food molecules (sugars) requires an energy input (i.e., from sunlight) to occur. In this reaction, carbon dioxide and water combine to form carbon-based organic molecules and release oxygen. Plants, algae (including phytoplankton), and many microorganisms use the energy from light to make sugars (food) from carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and water through the process of photosynthesis, which also releases oxygen. These sugars can be used Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence for the role of photosynthesis in the cycling of matter and flow of energy into and out of organisms. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Help! I'm Trapped Under Here! Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

                  Asteroid Smasher Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Bias, Anyone? Scenario-Based Act
                    Curriculum Standards: There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. The iterative process of testing the most promising solutions and modifying what is proposed on the basis of the test results leads to greater refinement and ultimately to an optimal solution. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Casting a Vote that Makes Sense Scenario-Based Act

                  Mom's Car Must Be Alive!

               Project-Based Activities

                  Make Your Own Indicator Project

                  Models of Compounds Project

                  Build a Closed Reaction Chamber Project

                  Survey Properties of Metals Project

                  Density-Calculating System Project

                  A Story of Changes in Matter Project

               Multilingual Glossary

                  Table of Contents

                  Relating to English Language Learners Reference

                  Spanish Reference

                  Chinese (simplified) Reference

                  Chinese (traditional) Reference

                  Haitian Creole Reference

                  Hmong Reference

                  Korean Reference

                  Russian Reference

                  Vietnamese Reference

               Interdisciplinary Activities

                  Interdisciplinary Activities Overview

                  Gold--The Noble Metal Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

                  Dogs--The Loyal Companions Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Olympic Games Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Corn--The Amazing Grain Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Bridges--From Vines to Steel Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Pompeii Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

                  Journey to Mars Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The solar system consists of the sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the sun by its gravitational pull on them. Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. Analyze and interpret data to determine scale properties of objects in the solar system. For any pair of interacting objects, the force exerted by the first object on the second object is equal in strength to the force that the second object exerts on the first, but in the opposite direction (Newton's third law). All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Apply Newton's Third Law to design a solution to a problem involving the motion of two colliding objects. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Anatomical similarities and differences between various organisms living today and between them and organisms in the fossil record, enable the reconstruction of evolutionary history and the inference of lines of evolutionary descent. Apply scientific ideas to construct an explanation for the anatomical similarities and differences among modern organisms and between modern and fossil organisms to infer evolutionary relationships. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  African Rain Forests Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Ecosystems are dynamic in nature; their characteristics can vary over time. Disruptions to any physical or biological component of an ecosystem can lead to shifts in all its populations. Construct an argument supported by empirical evidence that changes to physical or biological components of an ecosystem affect populations. Organisms, and populations of organisms, are dependent on their environmental interactions both with other living things and with nonliving factors. In any ecosystem, organisms and populations with similar requirements for food, water, oxygen, or other resources may compete with each other for limited resources, access to which consequently constrains their growth and reproduction. Analyze and interpret data to provide evidence for the effects of resource availability on organisms and populations of organisms in an ecosystem. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Magic of the Movies Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  The Mississippi Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Robots--At Your Service Cross-Curricular Act

                  The Gift of the Nile Cross-Curricular Act
                    Curriculum Standards: All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales. All positions of objects and the directions of forces and motions must be described in an arbitrarily chosen reference frame and arbitrarily chosen units of size. In order to share information with other people, these choices must also be shared. Plan an investigation to provide evidence that the change in an object's motion depends on the sum of the forces on the object and the mass of the object. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Water's movements--both on the land and underground--cause weathering and erosion, which change the land's surface features and create underground formations. Construct an explanation based on evidence for how geoscience processes have changed Earth's surface at varying time and spatial scales.

               Math Skill and Problem-Solving Activities

                  Diagnostic Test

                  Section 1: Problem-Solving Skills

                  Section 2: Fractions

                  Section 3: Decimals

                  Section 4: Exponents and Scientific Notation

                  Section 5: Significant Figures

                  Science Topics Used for Problem Solving

                  Section 6: Ratios and Proportions

                  Section 7: Percents

                  Section 8: Geometry

                  Section 9: Graphing

                  Section 10: Using Math to Analyze Data

                  Table of Contents

               Reading Strategies Handbook

                  Table of Contents

                  Introduction: How to Read Science Content

                  Target Reading Skill: Outline

                  Target Reading Skill: Ask Questions

                  Reading Strategy: Mark the Text

                  Vocabulary Skill: Use Root Words

                  Vocabulary Skill: Use Prefixes

                  Vocabulary Skill: Use Suffixes

                  Vocabulary Skill: Use Context Clues

                  Vocabulary Skill: Learn New Words

                  Target Reading Skill: Identify the Main Idea

                  Target Reading Skill: Identify Supporting Details

                  Reading Strategy: Take Notes

                  Target Reading Skill: Compare and Contrast

                  Target Reading Skill: Sequence

                  Target Reading Skill: Relate Cause and Effect

                  Target Reading Skill: Summarize

                  Target Reading Skill: Relate Text and Visuals

               Inquiry Skills Activities Book 1

                  Table of Contents

                  Observe

                  Infer

                  Predict

                  Classify

                  Make Models

                  Communicate

                  Measure

                  Calculate

                  Create Data Tables

                  Create Bar Graphs

                  Create Line Graphs

                  Create Circle Graphs

                  Test A: Basic Process Skills

                  Test B: Measure and Calculate

                  Test C: Design Experiments

                  Test D: Data Tables and Graphs

                  Design an Experiment - Introduction

                  Draw Conclusions

                  Design an Experiment - Practice

                  Pose Questions

                  Develop a Hypothesis

                  Control Variables

                  Form Operational Definitions

                  Interpret Data

               Inquiry Skills Activities Book 2

                  Table of Contents

                  Observe

                  Infer

                  Predict

                  Classify

                  Make Models

                  Communicate

                  Measure

                  Calculate

                  Design an Experiment - Introduction

                  Pose Questions

                  Develop a Hypothesis

                  Control Variables

                  Form Operational Definitions

                  Interpret Data

                  Draw Conclusions

                  Design an Experiment - Practice

                  Create Data Tables

                  Create Bar Graphs

                  Create Line Graphs

                  Create Circle Graphs

                  Test A: Basic Process Skills

                  Test B: Measure and Calculate

                  Test C: Design Experiments

                  Test D: Data Tables and Graphs

               Inquiry Skills Activities Book 3

                  Table of Contents

                  Observe

                  Infer

                  Predict

                  Classify

                  Make Models

                  Communicate

                  Measure

                  Calculate

                  Design an Experiment - Introduction

                  Pose Questions

                  Develop a Hypothesis

                  Control Variables

                  Form Operational Definitions

                  Interpret Data

                  Draw Conclusions

                  Design an Experiment - Practice

                  Create Data Tables

                  Create Bar Graphs

                  Create Line Graphs

                  Create Circle Graphs

                  Test A: Basic Process Skills

                  Test B: Measure and Calculate

                  Test C: Design Experiments

                  Test D: Data Tables and Graphs

               Texas Instruments Calculator-Based Labs

                  Heart Beat, Health Beat

                  Angling for Access

                  Sticky Sneakers

                  Sunny Rays and Angles

                  Keeping Comfortable

                  Shedding Light on Ions

                  Melting Ice

                  Just Add Water

                  Heating Earth's Surface

            Benchmark and Diagnostic Tests

               States of Matter Interactive Art

               Field Trip Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

               Blog Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               What Happens to the Particles of a Solid as It Melts? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               What Are Properties of Ionic Compounds? Key Concept Summary

               Build an Ionic Compound Interactive Art

               Describing Chemical Reactions Assess Your Understanding
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Chemical Reactions
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               How Is Mass Conserved During a Chemical Reaction? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               What Are Three Types of Chemical Reactions? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Table Salt Dissolving in Water

               Killer Quicksand?

               What Are the Properties of Acids?

               The pH Scale
                 Curriculum Standards: There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               What Are the Properties of Bases?

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               Chemical Reactions to the Rescue Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Building a House of Snow Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               Organizing Like Mendeleev Untamed Science™™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               The Elements of Hockey Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.

               Measuring Mass and Volume Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What Is Matter Made Of? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals).

               Physical or Chemical Change Interactive Art
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Gas Laws Interactive Art

               Introduction to Atoms Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Dmitri Mendeleev Planet Diary

               Superconductors Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What Are the Properties of Metals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               Radioactive Elements Key Concept Summary

               Running on Radioactive Isotopes Planet Diary

               Types of Radioactive Decay Art in Motion

               Organizing the Elements Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Elements and Periodic Table Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Chemical Reactions Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Elements, Compounds, Atoms, and Molecules Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Metal, Nonmetal, or Metalloid? Pearson Flipped Video for Science‚Ѣ

               What Makes Up Matter
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Analyzing and interpreting a graph Student Tutorial_1

               Covalent Bonds Wkbk Lesson

               Scientific Inquiry Wkbk Lesson

               Lesson 2 Organizing the Elements eText link
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Diagnostic Test
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               Organizing Like Mendeleev Untamed Science™™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               The Elements of Hockey Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.

               Chemical Reactions to the Rescue Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What's the Solution? Untamed Science™ Video

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Table Salt Dissolving in Water

               Gas Laws Interactive Art

               What Makes Up Matter? Art In Motion
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               How Did Atomic Theory Develop? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Introduction to Atoms Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Organizing the Elements Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What Are the Families Containing Nonmetals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Dmitri Mendeleev Planet Diary

               What Are the Properties of Metals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               Radioactive Elements Key Concept Summary

               Running on Radioactive Isotopes Planet Diary

               Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Key Concept Summary

               What Determines an Element's Chemistry? Summary Key Concept Summary

               Covalent Bonds Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Sticky Feet Planet Diary

               Elemental Effects Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Physical or Chemical Change Interactive Art
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               What Are Three Types of Chemical Reactions? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Activation Energy Art in Motion

               Controlling Chemical Reactions Key Concept Summary

               Observing Chemical Change Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Killer Quicksand?

               The pH Scale
                 Curriculum Standards: There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               What Are the Properties of Bases?

               Properties of Metals and Nonmetals Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What Are Properties of Ionic Compounds? Key Concept Summary

               What Are Two Types of Mixtures? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Field Trip Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

               Measuring Mass and Volume Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Chemical Reactions
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               On the Boil Planet Diary

               Elements, Compounds, Atoms, and Molecules Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Interpreting symbols and formulas Student Tutorial

               Analyzing and interpreting a graph Student Tutorial_1

               Metal, Nonmetal, or Metalloid? Pearson Flipped Video for Science‚Ѣ
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Describing Chemical Reaction Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Lesson 3 Measuring Matter eText link
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Lesson 2 Organizing the Elements eText link
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Benchmark Test
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals).

         Chapter 1 Introduction to Matter

            Chapter 1 Introduction to Matter Opener

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. The student is expected to identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               Big Question Discussion and Rubric

            Lesson 1 Describing Matter

               Engage and Explore

                  Art Conservation Scientist Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  How Do You Describe Matter? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Describing Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Properties Describe Matter? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Changes in Wax Apply It!
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. The student is expected to identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Observing Physical Properties Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Describing Matter Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Describing Matter Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Evaluate

                  Describing Matter Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Describing Matter Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Describing Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Describing Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Lesson 1 Describing Matter eText link

            Lesson 2 Classifying Matter

               Engage and Explore

                  Smaller Than Small Planet Diary

                  What Is a Mixture? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Classifying Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Is Matter Made Of?
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Motion energy is properly called kinetic energy; it is proportional to the mass of the moving object and grows with the square of its speed. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Construct and interpret graphical displays of data to describe the relationships of kinetic energy to the mass of an object and to the speed of an object. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals).

                  What Are Two Types of Mixtures?
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  What Makes Up Matter?
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations, of protons and neutrons in the nuclecus and electrons in the electron cloud. The student is expected to know that an element is a pure substance represented by chemical symbols. The student is expected to differentiate between elements and compounds on the most basic level. The student is expected to diagram the flow of energy through living systems, including food chains, food webs, and energy pyramids. The student is expected to recognize that radiant energy from the Sun is transformed into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Modeling Atoms and Molecules Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Separating Mixtures Quick Lab

                  Classifying Matter Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Classifying Matter Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Classifying Matter Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Classifying Matter Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Classifying Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Classifying Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Lesson 2 Classifying Matter eText link

            Lesson 3 Measuring Matter

               Engage and Explore

                  Field Trip Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

                  Which Has More Mass? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Measuring Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  Measuring Mass and Volume
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to use appropriate tools to collect, record, and analyze information, including journals/notebooks, beakers, Petri dishes, meter sticks, graduated cylinders, hot plates, test tubes, triple beam balances, microscopes, thermometers, calculators, computers, timing devices, and other equipment as needed to teach the curriculum. The student is expected to calculate density to identify an unknown substance. The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  How Is Density Determined? Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to calculate density to identify an unknown substance. The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

                  Liquid Layers
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to calculate density to identify an unknown substance. The student is expected to distinguish between physical and chemical changes in matter in the digestive system. The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

                  Calculating Volume Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Measuring Matter Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Making Sense of Density Pre-Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

                  Making Sense of Density Directed Inquiry Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

                  Making Sense of Density Open Inquiry Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

                  Measuring Matter Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Measuring Matter Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Measuring Matter Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Measuring Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

                  Measuring Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

               Lesson 3 Measuring Matter eText link

            Lesson 4 Changes in Matter

               Engage and Explore

                  Blog Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Is a New Substance Formed? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Changes in Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  States of Matter Virtual Lab

                  Chemical Change Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

                  What Happens to a Substance in a Physical Change?
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.

                  How Are Changes in Energy and Matter Related?

                  Properties of Matter Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to calculate density to identify an unknown substance. The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. The student is expected to identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  What Is a Physical Change? Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Demonstrating Tarnishing Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Where Was the Energy? Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Changes in Matter Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Changes in Matter Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Conservation of Matter Interactive Art

                  States of Matter Virtual Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Evaluate

                  Changes in Matter Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Changes in Matter Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Changes in Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Changes in Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Lesson 4 Changes in Matter eText link

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                  Properties of Matter Level 1

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                  Properties and Changes

                  Reversible and Irreversible Changes

                  Density of a Solid

                  Chemical Changes Versus Physical Changes

            Chapter Assessment

               Chapter Test A
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Chapter Test B
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               Chemical Reactions to the Rescue Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Building a House of Snow Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Table Salt Dissolving in Water

               Measuring Mass and Volume Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Physical or Chemical Change Interactive Art
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Chemical Reactions
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What Are Two Types of Mixtures? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Field Trip Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gravitational forces are always attractive. There is a gravitational force between any two masses, but it is very small except when one or both of the objects have large mass--e.g., Earth and the sun. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct and present arguments using evidence to support the claim that gravitational interactions are attractive and depend on the masses of interacting objects. Variations in density due to variations in temperature and salinity drive a global pattern of interconnected ocean currents. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

               What Happens to the Particles of a Solid as It Melts? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Introduction to Atoms Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Liquid Layers Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

               Observing Chemical Change Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Describing Chemical Reaction Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               The Scale of the Universe Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons.

               Chemical Compounds in Cells Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Define Mass and Weight Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Elements, Compounds, Atoms, and Molecules Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               What Makes Up Matter
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Work Interactive Art

               Using Density to Identify Gold Pearson Flipped Video for Science™

               Describing Chemical Reaction Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What Is Energy? Wkbk Lesson

               Chapter Test
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

         Chapter 2 Solids, Liquids, and Gases

            Chapter 2 Solids, Liquids, and Gases Opener

               Building a House of Snow Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               Big Question Discussion and Rubric

            Lesson 1 States of Matter

               Engage and Explore

                  Liquid Crystals

                  What are solids, liquids, and gases? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  States of Matter After the Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Modeling Particles Quick Lab

               Explain and Elaborate

                  How Do You Describe a Solid?

                  How Do You Describe a Liquid?

                  How Do You Describe a Gas?

                  States of Matter

                  As Thick as Honey Quick Lab

                  How Do The Particles Move in a Gas? Quick Lab

                  States of Matter Key Concept Summary

                  States of Matter Enrich

                  Matter and Thermal Energy Virtual Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               Evaluate

                  States of Matter Assess Your Understanding

                  States of Matter Review and Reinforce

                  States of Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  States of Matter Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Lesson 1 States of Matter eText link

            Lesson 2 Changes of State

               Engage and Explore

                  On the Boil Planet Diary

                  What Happens When You Breathe on a Mirror? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Changes of State After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Happens to the Particles of a Solid as It Melts?
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  What Happens to the Particles of a Liquid as It Vaporizes?

                  What Happens to the Particles of a Solid as It Sublimes?

                  Changes of State Key Concept Summary

                  Keeping Cool Quick Lab

                  Observing Sublimation Quick Lab

                  Melting Ice Pre-Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Melting Ice Directed Inquiry
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Melting Ice Open Inquiry
                    Curriculum Standards: A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. A solution needs to be tested, and then modified on the basis of the test results in order to improve it. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet criteria and constraints of a problem. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Sometimes parts of different solutions can be combined to create a solution that is better than any of its predecessors. Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

                  Changes of State Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Changes of State Assess Your Understanding

                  Changes of State Review and Reinforce

                  Changes of State Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Changes of State Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Lesson 2 Changes of State eText link

            Lesson 3 Gas Behavior

               Engage and Explore

                  Jacques Charles Planet Diary

                  How Can Air Keep Chalk From Breaking? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Gas Behavior After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  How Are Pressure and Temperature of a Gas Related?

                  How Are Volume and Temperature of a Gas Related?

                  How Are Pressure and Volume of a Gas Related?

                  Gas Laws

                  How Are Pressure and Temperature Related? Quick Lab

                  Hot and Cold Balloons Quick Lab

                  It's a Gas Quick Lab

                  Gas Behavior Key Concept Summary

                  Gas Behavior Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Gas Behavior Assess Your Understanding

                  Gas Behavior Review and Reinforce

                  Gas Behavior Lesson Quiz

                  Gas Behavior Lesson Quiz

               Lesson 3 Gas Behavior eText link

            Chapter Assessment

               Chapter Test A
                 Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atm Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity.

               Chapter Test B
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Tectonic processes continually generate new ocean sea floor at ridges and destroy old sea floor at trenches. All Earth processes are the result of energy flowing and matter cycling within and among the planet's systems. This energy is derived from the sun and Earth's hot interior. The energy that flows and matter that cycles produce chemical and physical changes Maps of ancient land and water patterns, based on investigations of rocks and fossils, make clear how Earth's plates have moved great distances, collided, and spread apart. Develop a model to describe the cycling of Earth's materials and the flow of energy that drives this process. Analyze and interpret data on the distribution of fossils and rocks, continental shapes, and seafloor structures to provide evidence of the past plate motions. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity.

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               Jacques Charles Planet Diary

               Gas Laws Interactive Art

               On the Boil Planet Diary

               Building a House of Snow Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               What Happens to the Particles of a Solid as It Sublimes? Key Concept Summary

               What Happens to the Particles of a Solid as It Melts? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               States of Matter Interactive Art

               Liquid Crystals Planet Diary

               Separating a Mixture Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

               Transfer of Heat Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               What Instruments Measure Air Pressure? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

               Types of Energy
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system.

               How Is Temperature Measured? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample.

               Crystal Systems Interactivity
                 Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

               Earth's Atmosphere Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atm Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

               Chapter Test
                 Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atm Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. Global movements of water and its changes in form are propelled by sunlight and gravity.

            My Science Coach & My Reading Web

               Read at My Level

                  States of Matter Level 1

                  States and Phase Changes Level 2

                  Changes in States of Matter Level 3

               Get More Practice

                  States of Matter Activity

                  States of Matter

                  Boyle's Law

                  Charles's Law

         Chapter 3 Elements and the Periodic Table

            Chapter 3 Elements and the Periodic Table Opener

               Organizing Like Mendeleev Untamed Science™™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to relate the impact of research on scientific thought and society, including the history of science and contributions of scientists as related to the content. The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Discussion Board Question and Rubric

            Lesson 1 Introduction to Atoms

               Engage and Explore

                  Nanowhiskers Planet Diary

                  What's in the Box? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Introduction to Atoms After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  Build an Atom
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  How Did Atomic Theory Develop? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  What Is the Modern Model of the Atom? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Visualizing an Electron Cloud Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Introduction to Atoms Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  How Far Away Is the Electron? Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Introduction to Atoms Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Evaluate

                  Introduction to Atoms Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Introduction to Atoms Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Introduction to Atoms Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Introduction to Atoms Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Within cells, special structures are responsible for particular functions, and the cell membrane forms the boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell. Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function.

               Lesson 1 Introduction to Atoms eText link

            Lesson 2 Organizing the Elements

               Engage and Explore

                  Dmitri Mendeleev Planet Diary

                  Which Is Easier? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Organizing the Elements After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Did Mendeleev Discover? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  What Information Does the Periodic Table Contain? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  How Is the Periodic Table Useful? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Interactive Periodic Table Virtual Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Using the Periodic Table Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Expanding the Periodic Table Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Classifying Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Organizing the Elements Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Organizing the Elements Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Evaluate

                  Organizing the Elements Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Organizing the Elements Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Organizing the Elements Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Organizing the Elements Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Lesson 2 Organizing the Elements eText link

            Lesson 3 Metals

               Engage and Explore

                  Recycling Metals Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Why Use Aluminum? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Metals After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Are the Properties of Metals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. The student is expected to identify that organic compounds contain carbon and other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, or sulfur. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

                  How Are Metals Classified? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Luster and Tarnish Apply It!
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. The student is expected to compare metals, nonmetals, and metalloids using physical properties such as luster, conductivity, or malleability. The student is expected to identify the formation of a new substance by using the evidence of a possible chemical change such as production of a gas, change in temperature, production of a precipitate, or color change. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Melting Points
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Copper or Carbon? That Is the Question Open Inquiry
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Finding Metals Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Copper or Carbon? That Is the Question. Pre-Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Copper or Carbon? That Is the Question. Directed Inquiry
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Metals Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Metals Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Evaluate

                  Metals Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Metals Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Metals Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Metals Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               Lesson 3 Metals eText link

            Lesson 4 Nonmetals and Metalloids

               Engage and Explore

                  Something in the Air Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  What Are the Properties of Charcoal? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Are the Properties of Nonmetals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  What Are the Families Containing Nonmetals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Properties of Metals and Nonmetals Apply It!
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Carbon—A Nonmetal Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Finding Nonmetals Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atm Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates. The complex patterns of the changes and the movement of water in the atmosphere, determined by winds, landforms, and ocean temperatures and currents, are major determinants of local weather patterns. Weather and climate are influenced by interactions involving sunlight, the ocean, the atmosphere, ice, landforms, and living things. These interactions vary with latitude, altitude, and local and regional geography, all of which can affect oceanic and atm Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Collect data to provide evidence for how the motions and complex interactions of air masses results in changes in weather conditions. Develop and use a model to describe how unequal heating and rotation of the Earth cause patterns of atmospheric and oceanic circulation that determine regional climates.

               Evaluate

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Nonmetals and Metalloids Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem.

               Lesson 4 Nonmetals and Metalloids eText link

            Lesson 5 Radioactive Elements

               Engage and Explore

                  Running on Radioactive Isotopes Planet Diary

                  How Much Goes Away? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Radioactive Elements After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Happens to an Atom During Radioactive Decay? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  What Does Radioactive Decay Produce? Key Concept Summary

                  How Are Radioactive Isotopes Useful? Key Concept Summary

                  Types of Radioactive Decay Art in Motion

                  What Happens When an Atom Decays? Quick Lab

                  Modeling Beta Decay Quick Lab

                  Designing Experiments Using Radioactive Tracers Quick Lab

                  Radioactive Elements Key Concept Summary

                  Radioactive Elements Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Radioactive Elements Assess Your Understanding

                  Radioactive Elements Review and Reinforce

                  Radioactive Elements Lesson Quiz

                  Radioactive Elements Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Lesson 5 Radioactive Elements eText link

            Chapter Assessment

               Chapter Test A
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Chapter Test B
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               How Are Metals Classified? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What Are the Properties of Nonmetals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What Are the Families Containing Nonmetals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Organizing Like Mendeleev Untamed Science™™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               The Elements of Hockey Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.

               Introduction to Atoms Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What Is the Modern Model of the Atom? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Dmitri Mendeleev Planet Diary

               Periodic Table Interactivity Interactive Art
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               What Are the Properties of Metals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               Metals Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Superconductors Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Organizing the Elements Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Running on Radioactive Isotopes Planet Diary

               Types of Radioactive Decay Art in Motion

               Elements and Periodic Table Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               How Is Heat Transferred? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.

               Why Do Scientists Use Models? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved.

               Metal, Nonmetal, or Metalloid? Pearson Flipped Video for Science‚Ѣ
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Telescopes Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object's material and the frequency (color) of the light. The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials.

               Introduction to Atoms Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Lesson 5 Radioactive Elements eText link

               Chapter Test
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. When light shines on an object, it is reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through the object, depending on the object's material and the frequency (color) of the light. The path that light travels can be traced as straight lines, except at surfaces between different transparent materials (e.g., air and water, air and glass) where the light path bends. A wave model of light is useful for explaining brightness, color, and the frequency-dependent bending of light at a surface between media. Develop and use a model to describe that waves are reflected, absorbed, or transmitted through various materials. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Food webs are models that demonstrate how matter and energy is transferred between producers, consumers, and decomposers as the three groups interact within an ecosystem. Transfers of matter into and out of the physical environment occur at every level. D Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. This model of the solar system can explain eclipses of the sun and the moon. Earth's spin axis is fixed in direction over the short-term but tilted relative to its orbit around the sun. The seasons are a result of that tilt and are caused by the different Models of all kinds are important for testing solutions. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop a model to describe the cycling of matter and flow of energy among living and nonliving parts of an ecosystem. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Develop a model to generate data for iterative testing and modification of a proposed object, tool, or process such that an optimal design can be achieved. Energy is spontaneously transferred out of hotter regions or objects and into colder ones. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer.

            My Science Coach & My Reading Web

               Read at My Level

                  Elements, Atoms, and Molecules Level 1

                  Building Blocks of Matter Level 2

                  Atoms and Elements Level 3

               Get More Practice

                  Development of Atomic Theory

                  Atoms: Building Blocks

                  Periodic Table of Elements

                  Periodic Table and the Elements

                  Metals

                  Nonmetals

         Chapter 4 Atoms and Bonding

            Chapter 4 Atoms and Bonding Opener

               The Elements of Hockey Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.

               Big Question Discussion and Rubric

            Lesson 1 Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table

               Engage and Explore

                  Elemental Effects Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  What Are the Trends in the Periodic Table? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  Periodic Table Interactivity Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. The student is expected to describe the structure of atoms, including the masses, electrical charges, and locations, of protons and neutrons in the nuclecus and electrons in the electron cloud. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  What Determines an Element's Chemistry? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to interpret the arrangement of the Periodic Table, including groups and periods, to explain how properties are used to classify elements. The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Key Concept Summary

                  Element Chemistry Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Evaluate

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Assess Your Understanding

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Review and Reinforce

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Lesson Quiz

                  Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.

               Lesson 1 Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table eText link

            Lesson 2 Ionic Bonds

               Engage and Explore

                  The Periodic Palette Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  How Do Ions Form? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Ionic Bonds After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  How Do Ions Form? Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

                  Writing Formulas and Compound Names Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to recognize that chemical formulas are used to identify substances and determine the number of atoms of each element in chemical formulas containing subscripts.

                  What Are Properties of Ionic Compounds? Key Concept Summary

                  Build an Ionic Compound Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

                  Ionic Bonds Key Concept Summary

                  Ion Formation Quick Lab

                  How Do You Write Ionic Names and Formulas? Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Shedding Light on Ions Pre-Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Shedding Light on Ions Directed Inquiry Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Shedding Light on Ions Open Inquiry
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Ionic Bonds Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

               Evaluate

                  Ionic Bonds  Assess Your Understanding
                  Ionic Bonds Assess Your UnderstandingUse this blackline master to learn about students’ self-assessment.

                  Ionic Bonds  Review and Reinforce
                  Ionic Bonds Review and ReinforceUse this blackline master to help students review the main ideas of the lesson and to practice vocabulary.

                  Ionic Bonds Lesson Quiz

                  Ionic Bonds  Lesson Quiz
                  Ionic Bonds Lesson QuizUse this online lesson quiz to assess your students' knowledge of the lesson content.
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Lesson 2 Ionic Bonds eText link

            Lesson 3 Covalent Bonds

               Engage and Explore

                  Sticky Feet Planet Diary

                  Covalent Bonds Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Covalent Bonds After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  Molecular Compounds Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Covalent Bonds Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity. The student is expected to differentiate between elements and compounds on the most basic level. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Polar and Nonpolar Bonds Summary Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

                  Bonding in Polar Molecules Interactivity Art In Motion
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to identify that protons determine an element's identity and valence electrons determine its chemical properties, including reactivity.

                  Covalent Bonds Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Ionic or Covalent Bonding Virtual Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Sharing Electrons Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Properties of Molecular Compounds Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Attraction Between Polar Molecules Quick Lab

                  Covalent Bonds Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Covalent Bonds Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Covalent Bonds Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Covalent Bonds Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Covalent Bonds Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Lesson 3 Covalent Bonds eText link

            Lesson 4 Bonding in Metals

               Engage and Explore

                  Superconductors Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Are They "Steel" the Same? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Bonding in Metals After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Is the Structure of a Metal Crystal? Key Concept Summary

                  What Are Properties of Metal? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Bonding in Metals Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Metal Crystals Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  What Do Metals Do? Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Bonding in Metals Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

               Evaluate

                  Bonding in Metals Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Bonding in Metals Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Bonding in Metals Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

                  Bonding in Metals Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Lesson 4 Bonding in Metals eText link

            My Science Coach & My Reading Web

               Read at My Level

                  Changes in States of Matter Level 1

                  Solids and Melting Points Level 2

                  Solids, Liquids, Gases, and States Level 3

               Get More Practice

                  How to find Valence Electrons

                  Ionic Bonding

                  Polar and Nonpolar Molecules

                  Metallic Structures

                  Alloys

            Chapter Assessment

               Chapter Test A
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Chapter Test B
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Molecular Compounds Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Atoms, Bonding, and the Periodic Table Key Concept Summary

               What Determines an Element's Chemistry? Summary Key Concept Summary

               Table Salt Dissolving in Water

               What Are the Properties of Metals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               How Are Metals Classified? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               What Are the Families Containing Nonmetals? Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Describing Changes in Matter

               Build an Ionic Compound Interactive Art

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               What Are Properties of Ionic Compounds? Key Concept Summary

               Superconductors Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Polar and Nonpolar Bonds Summary Key Concept Summary

               Covalent Bonds Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Chemical Reactions Student Tutorial
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Interpreting symbols and formulas Student Tutorial

               Classifying Matter Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Covalent Bonds Wkbk Lesson

               Ionic Bonds Wkbk Lesson

               Lesson 2 Electric Current eText link

               Chapter Test
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Patterns of the apparent motion of the sun, the moon, and stars in the sky can be observed, described, predicted, and explained with models. Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

         Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions

            Chapter 5 Chemical Reactions Opener

               Chemical Reactions to the Rescue Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Discussion Board Question and Rubric

            Lesson 1 Observing Chemical Change

               Engage and Explore

                  Chemistry in the Kitchen Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  What Happens When Chemicals React? Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Observing Chemical Change After the Inquiry Warm-Up
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Explain and Elaborate

                  Describing Changes in Matter
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed.

                  Chemical Reactions
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Physical or Chemical Change Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to investigate how evidence of chemical reactions indicate that new substances with different properties are formed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

                  Observing Change Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Where's the Evidence? Directed Inquiry Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Where’s the Evidence? Open Inquiry
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Where's the Evidence? Pre-Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Observing Chemical Change Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Observing Chemical Change Enrich

                  Reactants and Products Virtual Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Evaluate

                  Observing Chemical Change Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Observing Chemical Change Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Observing Chemical Change Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Observing Chemical Change Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed.

               Lesson 1 Observing Chemical Change eText link

            Lesson 2 Describing Chemical Reactions

               Engage and Explore

                  Lifesaving Reactions Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Did You Lose Anything? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Describing Chemical Reactions After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Information Does a Chemical Equation Contain? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  How Is Mass Conserved During a Chemical Reaction? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  What Are Three Types of Chemical Reactions? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Balancing Equations Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: The student is expected to recognize whether a chemical equation containing coefficients is balanced or not and how that relates to the law of conservation of mass. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Conservation of Matter Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

                  Information in a Chemical Equation Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.

                  Is Matter Conserved? Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

                  Categories of Chemical Reactions Quick Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Describing Chemical Reactions Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Describing Chemical Reactions Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Evaluate

                  Describing Chemical Reactions Assess Your Understanding
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Describing Chemical Reactions Review and Reinforce
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Describing Chemical Reactions Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Describing Chemical Reactions Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Lesson 2 Describing Chemical Reactions eText link

            Lesson 3 Controlling Chemical Reactions

               Engage and Explore

                  Up in Flames Planet Diary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Can You Speed Up or Slow Down a Reaction? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  How Do Reactions Get Started? Key Concept Summary

                  What Affects the Rate of a Chemical Reaction? Key Concept Summary
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

                  Activation Energy Art in Motion

                  Modeling Activation Energy Quick Lab

                  Effect of Temperature on Chemical Reactions Quick Lab

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions Key Concept Summary

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions Enrich
                    Curriculum Standards: The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Evaluate

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions Assess Your Understanding

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions Review and Reinforce

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions Lesson Quiz

                  Controlling Chemical Reactions Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism.

               Lesson 3 Controlling Chemical Reactions eText link

            My Science Coach & My Reading Web

               Read at My Level

                  Bonds and Formulas Level 1

                  Chemical Formulas and Ionic Bonds Level 2

                  Matter and Bonds Level 3

               Get More Practice

                  Chemical Reactions

                  Conservation of Mass

                  Rate of Reaction

            Chapter Assessment

               Chapter Test A
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Chapter Test B
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What's the Matter? Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               What Information Does a Chemical Equation Contain? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Conservation of Matter Interactive Art
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change.

               Activation Energy Art in Motion

               What Are Three Types of Chemical Reactions? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Up in Flames Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Even Whales Get the Bends

               Killer Quicksand?

               Describing Changes in Matter

               Describing Chemical Reactions Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               How Is Mass Conserved During a Chemical Reaction? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. A system of objects may also contain stored (potential) energy, depending on their relative positions. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles of matter. The relationship between the temperature and the total energy of a system depends on the types, states, and amounts of matter present. Develop a model to describe that when the arrangement of objects interacting at a distance changes, different amounts of potential energy are stored in the system. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Plan an investigation to determine the relationships among the energy transferred, the type of matter, the mass, and the change in the average kinetic energy of the particles as measured by the temperature of the sample. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Chemical Reactions
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Observing Chemical Change Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Chemical Reactions to the Rescue Untamed Science™ Video
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Elemental Effects Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Describing Chemical Reactions Assess Your Understanding
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Changes in Wax Apply It!
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances are made from different types of atoms, which combine with one another in various ways. Atoms form molecules that range in size from two to thousands of atoms. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Gases and liquids are made of molecules or inert atoms that are moving about relative to each other. In a liquid, the molecules are constantly in contact with others; in a gas, they are widely spaced except when they happen to collide. In a solid, atoms are closely spaced and may vibrate in position but do not change relative locations. Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals). The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Controlling Chemical Reactions Key Concept Summary

               How Does Precipitation Form? Art In Motion
                 Curriculum Standards: Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

               What Makes Up Matter
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved.

               Describing Chemical Reaction Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               The Digestive System Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. Within cells, special structures are responsible for particular functions, and the cell membrane forms the boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell. Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function.

               Chapter Test
                 Curriculum Standards: The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. The changes of state that occur with variations in temperature or pressure can be described and predicted using these models of matter. Develop a model that predicts and describes changes in particle motion, temperature, and state of a pure substance when thermal energy is added or removed. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Within cells, special structures are responsible for particular functions, and the cell membrane forms the boundary that controls what enters and leaves the cell. Develop and use a model to describe the function of a cell as a whole and ways parts of cells contribute to the function.

         Chapter 6 Acids, Bases, and Solutions

            Chapter 6 Acids, Bases, and Solutions Opener

               What's the Solution? Untamed Science™™ Video

               Discussion Board Question and Rubric

            Lesson 1 Understanding Solutions

               Engage and Explore

                  Killer Quicksand? Planet Diary

                  What Makes a Mixture a Solution? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Understanding Solutions After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  How Are Mixtures Classified? Key Concept Summary

                  How Does a Solution Form? Key Concept Summary

                  Table Salt Dissolving in Water Interactive Art

                  Scattered Light Quick Lab

                  Speedy Solutions Pre-Lab

                  Speedy Solutions Directed Inquiry

                  Speedy Solutions Open Inquiry

                  Understanding Solutions Key Concept Summary

                  Understanding Solutions Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Understanding Solutions Assess Your Understanding

                  Understanding Solutions Review and Reinforce

                  Understanding Solutions Lesson Quiz

                  Understanding Solutions Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Lesson 1 Understanding Solutions eText link

            Lesson 2 Concentration and Solubility

               Engage and Explore

                  Even Whales Get the Bends Planet Diary

                  Does It Dissolve? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Concentration and Solubility After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  How Is Concentration Changed? Key Concept Summary

                  What Factors Affect Solubility? Key Concept Summary

                  Classifying Solutions Interactive Art

                  Measuring Concentration Quick Lab

                  Predicting Rates of Solubility Quick Lab

                  Concentration and Solubility Key Concept Summary

                  Concentration and Solubility Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Concentration and Solubility Assess Your Understanding

                  Concentration and Solubility Review and Reinforce

                  Concentration and Solubility Lesson Quiz

                  Concentration and Solubility Lesson Quiz

               Lesson 2 Concentration and Solubility eText link

            Lesson 3 Describing Acids and Bases

               Engage and Explore

                  Bog Bodies Planet Diary

                  What Color Does Litmus Paper Turn? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Describing Acids and Bases After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Are the Properties of Acids? Key Concept Summary

                  What Are the Properties of Bases? Key Concept Summary

                  Properties of Acids Quick Lab

                  Properties of Bases Quick Lab

                  Describing Acids and Bases Key Concept Summary

                  Describing Acids and Bases Enrich

                  Acids and Bases in Careers Virtual Lab
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Evaluate

                  Describing Acids and Bases Assess Your Understanding

                  Describing Acids and Bases Review and Reinforce

                  Describing Acids and Bases Lesson Quiz

                  Describing Acids and Bases Lesson Quiz

               Lesson 3 Describing Acids and Bases eText link

            Lesson 4 Acids and Bases in Solution

               Engage and Explore

                  Ocean Stingers Planet Diary

                  What Can Cabbage Juice Tell You? Inquiry Warm-Up

                  Acids and Bases in Solution After the Inquiry Warm-Up

               Explain and Elaborate

                  What Ions Do Acids and Bases Form in Water? Key Concept Summary

                  What Are the Products of Neutralization? Key Concept Summary

                  The pH Scale Interactive Art
                    Curriculum Standards: There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

                  pHone Home Quick Lab

                  The Antacid Test Quick Lab

                  Acids and Bases in Solution Key Concept Summary

                  Acids and Bases in Solution Enrich

               Evaluate

                  Acids and Bases in Solution Assess Your Understanding

                  Acids and Bases in Solution Review and Reinforce

                  Acids and Bases in Solution Lesson Quiz

                  Acids and Bases in Solution Lesson Quiz
                    Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Lesson 4 Acids and Bases in Solution eText link

            Chapter Assessment

               Chapter Test A

               Chapter Test B

               What's the Solution? Untamed Science™ Video

               How Are Mixtures Classified?

               Covalent Bonds Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Molecular Compounds Summary Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society.

               Build an Ionic Compound Interactive Art

               What Are Three Types of Chemical Reactions? Key Concept Summary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               Table Salt Dissolving in Water

               Even Whales Get the Bends

               Killer Quicksand?

               Bog Bodies

               What Are the Properties of Bases?

               The pH Scale
                 Curriculum Standards: There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success. There are systematic processes for evaluating solutions with respect to how well they meet the criteria and constraints of a problem. Apply scientific principles to design, construct, and test a device that either minimizes or maximizes thermal energy transfer. Evaluate competing design solutions for maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem services. Evaluate competing design solutions using a systematic process to determine how well they meet the criteria and constraints of the problem. Analyze data from tests to determine similarities and differences among several design solutions to identify the best characteristics of each that can be combined into a new solution to better meet the criteria for success.

               What Are the Properties of Acids?

               Ocean Stingers

               Up in Flames Planet Diary
                 Curriculum Standards: Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes.

               What Are Properties of Ionic Compounds? Key Concept Summary

               How Does Precipitation Form? Art In Motion
                 Curriculum Standards: Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity.

               Ionic Bonds Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact.

               Properties of Minerals Wkbk Lesson
                 Curriculum Standards: The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

               Chapter Test
                 Curriculum Standards: In multicellular organisms, the body is a system of multiple interacting subsystems. These subsystems are groups of cells that work together to form tissues and organs that are specialized for particular body functions. Within individual organisms, food moves through a series of chemical reactions in which it is broken down and rearranged to form new molecules, to support growth, or to release energy. Use argument supported by evidence for how the body is a system of interacting subsystems composed of groups of cells. Develop a model to describe how food is rearranged through chemical reactions forming new molecules that support growth and/or release energy as this matter moves through an organism. Each pure substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it. Forces that act at a distance (electric, magnetic, and gravitational) can be explained by fields that extend through space and can be mapped by their effect on a test object (a charged object, or a ball, respectively). Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred. Gather and make sense of information to describe that synthetic materials come from natural resources and impact society. Conduct an investigation and evaluate the experimental design to provide evidence that fields exist between objects exerting forces on each other even though the objects are not in contact. Develop a model to describe the cycling of water through Earth's systems driven by energy from the sun and the force of gravity. Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. In a chemical process, the atoms that make up the original substances are regrouped into different molecules, and these new substances have different properties from those of the reactants. The total number of each type of atom is conserved, and thus the mass does not change. Some chemical reactions release energy, others store energy. Develop and use a model to describe how the total number of atoms does not change in a chemical reaction and thus mass is conserved. Undertake a design project to construct, test, and modify a device that either releases or absorbs thermal energy by chemical processes. The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth's history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale. Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth's 4.6-billion-year-old history.

            My Science Coach & My Reading Web

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                  Compounds and Properties Level 1

                  Types of Bonds Level 2

                  Compounds and Electrons Level 3

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                  Solutions and Mixtures

                  Making Solutions

                  Acids, Bases, and Metals

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            Measuring Concentration Quick Lab Teacher Support
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